We are excited to announce the launch of the [**6th DIVA Donate campaign**](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-6), continuing our 
mission to use web3 technology for anticipatory cash transfers that support pastoralist communities in Kenya ahead of drought.

This campaign builds on the foundation of earlier efforts while introducing an **innovative progressive payout design**. 

The funds from the 5th campaign which were left unreleased due to favorable vegetation conditions ($36,673 in total) have been rolled over, 
highlighting the amplified impact of every dollar contributed. As before, we utilize Ripple's stablecoin 
[RLUSD](https://etherscan.io/token/0x8292Bb45bf1Ee4d140127049757C2E0fF06317eD) on Ethereum as the payout token, 
demonstrating its applicability in humanitarian aid and disaster relief.

## ✨ About the campaign

In the 6th campaign, we continue to target pastoralist households in northern Laikipia, Kenya, who rely on livestock as their primary source of 
income and food security. These communities are acutely vulnerable to climate change, with rainfall variability often leading 
to pasture shortages and livestock losses.

Our objective remains the same: to provide timely drought relief through parametric cash transfers linked to vegetation health, 
measured via the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).

The location of the Laikipia County is highlighted in below map:

 <img src="/Images/posts/laikipia_map_v3.png" />

<div style={{ marginTop: '-2rem', fontSize: '0.8rem' }}>
_**Figure 1:** Kenya map. Source: [NDMA Reports](https://reliefweb.int/report/kenya/kenya-2019-long-rains-mid-season-food-and-nutrition-security-review-report-august-2019)_
</div>


## 🆕 Key change to previous campaigns

In previous campaigns, NDVI was assessed once at the end of the rainy season. If vegetation levels were insufficient, a payout was triggered. 
This setup created only a single payout opportunity per campaign. 

The 6th campaign introduces a **multi-checkpoint payout structure**:
* The Oct-Dec 2025 rainy season is divided into **nine observation points**, spaced every ten days.
* At each checkpoint, NDVI is compared against a **fixed threshold of 0.55**, a level identified through historical data as indicative of healthy vegetation conditions (see “Payout threshold calibration” section for details).
* If NDVI falls below this threshold, a payout is triggered.

Each triggered checkpoint disburses approximately **$7.85 to each of the 518 participating pastoralists**, with a maximum potential of $71 (9 x $7.85) across the season. 


## 🌍 Why this matters

### Timelier support
The new design ensures that relief can arrive earlier in the season if forage is scarce, rather than waiting until December. 
Healthy vegetation and forage for livestock during the rainy season is crucial. It enables herds to recover from the preceding 
dry season and build the reserves needed to withstand the subsequent dry period. By linking payouts directly to vegetation levels 
throughout the season, the new model makes aid both timelier and more relevant.

### Gaining beneficiary trust
Further, by moving from a single event to a progressive payout model, we address the trust problem that insurance-type programs 
like DIVA Donate face. Because such programs only pay out in rare adverse events by design, participants can lose confidence when 
seasons pass without support. Indeed, across the five campaigns to date, a payout was triggered only once..
Introducing multiple checkpoints within a season increases the likelihood of disbursements, albeit in smaller amounts per event, 
making support more tangible and reinforcing trust in the DIVA Donate initiative.

Progressive payouts remain largely untested in both insurance and anticipatory action because traditional payout cycles are too 
costly to administer. With blockchain-based automation, however, DIVA Donate can demonstrate that progressive payout models are 
affordable but can also make such products more attractive and impactful.


## 💸 Payout threshold calibration

To determine the payout trigger, we analyzed historical NDVI data alongside on-ground assessment reports. 
As illustrated in the vegetation health map for Laikipia North, the years 2019 and 2020 were characterized 
by very good vegetation conditions during the Oct-Dec period.



 <img src="/Images/posts/Laikipia_North_VCI_Map.jpg"/>

<div style={{ marginTop: '-1rem', fontSize: '0.8rem' }}>
_**Figure 2:** Vegetation health map for Laikipia North. Source: [NDMA Report Laikipia,
December 2023](https://uploads.geobingan.info/attachment/1423e736002d4e8397701873989365eb.pdf)_
</div>


The NDVI curves for 2019 and 2020 are presented below. Both remained consistently above the 0.55 threshold during 
the Oct-Dec season (see green support line). This empirical evidence supports the use of 0.55 as the payout 
trigger level for the campaign.


 <img src="/Images/posts/2019_2020_Laikipia_North_NDVI_v2.png"/>

<div style={{ marginTop: '-1rem', fontSize: '0.8rem' }}>
_**Figure 3:** NDVI in the years 2019 and 2020 for Laikipia North. Source: [FEWS dataset](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/ewx/index.html)_
</div>

## 📊 Historical example: 2023 Oct-Dec season

To illustrate the impact of the multi-checkpoint approach, consider the Oct-Dec 2023 period in Laikipia North.
As shown in the NDVI chart below, the NDVI was below the threshold from October until mid-November, and improved by 
December (NDVI > 0.55). Under the previous single-checkpoint design, no payout would have been triggered 
because the end-of-season NDVI was healthy, despite early stress that left animals with less time to 
build reserves for the subsequent dry period.


 <img src="/Images/posts/2023_Laikipia_North.png"/>

<div style={{ marginTop: '-1rem', fontSize: '0.8rem' }}>
_**Figure 3:** NDVI in 2023 for Laikipia North. Source: [FEWS dataset](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/ewx/index.html)_
</div>

With the new progressive, multi-checkpoint design, such a scenario would result in early, 
smaller disbursements at the beginning of the season, and no payouts once conditions improve.


### 🔧 Technical setup

To implement this structure, donor contributions are **equally distributed across nine payout pools**, one for each checkpoint. 
For example, if a donor contributes $18 before the first checkpoint, then $2 is allocated to each pool. From the donor’s 
perspective, the process remains unchanged: one simple deposit transaction. This highlights the flexibility of the underlying 
DIVA Protocol that powers the DIVA Donate platform.

The table below outlines the nine checkpoints and their corresponding reporting dates. Reporting dates are set 5-9 days after 
each checkpoint to accommodate NDVI data publication delays and to ensure that payouts can be processed during working hours. 
This second point reflects one of the key learnings from previous campaigns: timely execution requires both reliable data 
availability and operational readiness.

<table style={{ borderCollapse: 'collapse', width: '100%' }}>
 <thead>
 <tr style={{ backgroundColor: '#f5f5f5' }}>
 <th>#</th>
 <th>Checkpoint date</th>
 <th>Reporting date</th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>1</td>
 <td>10 Oct 2025</td>
 <td>Wed, 15 Oct 2025, 9 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>2</td>
 <td>20 Oct 2025</td>
 <td>Mo, 27 Oct 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>3</td>
 <td>30 Oct 2025</td>
 <td>Tue, 4 Nov 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>4</td>
 <td>10 Nov 2025</td>
 <td>Mo, 17 Nov 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>5</td>
 <td>20 Nov 2025</td>
 <td>Tue, 25 Nov 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>6</td>
 <td>31 Nov 2025</td>
 <td>Mo, 8 Dec 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>7</td>
 <td>10 Dec 2025</td>
 <td>Tue, 16 Dec 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>8</td>
 <td>20 Dec 2025</td>
 <td>Mo, 29 Dec 2025, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>9</td>
 <td>31 Dec 2025</td>
 <td>Tue, 6 Jan 2026, 8 AM CET (10 AM EAT)</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
</table>


## 🏆 Participation and rewards
Donors can participate via the [divadonate.xyz](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-6) campaign page by depositing RLUSD 
on Ethereum into the campaign escrow.

As before, contributors will receive a POAP digital certificate to commemorate their donation. Contributions of $75 or more will 
be recognized with a golden-ring POAP, while smaller amounts receive the silver edition.


 <img src="/Images/posts/DIVA-POAP-Gold_campaign_6.gif" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/DIVA-POAP-Silver_campaign_6.gif" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


## 🔢 DIVA Donate impact so far

Since inception, DIVA Donate has:
* Launched **6 campaigns** (with 5 now completed)
* Secured **contributions of $83,219** from Mercy Corps Ventures, Arbitrum, Ripple and DIVA Protocol community members
* **Released $11,744** (14%) as drought relief payouts

You can find those statistics also in our [docs](https://docs.divadonate.xyz/).


## 💎 Join the cause

The DIVA Donate team is actively seeking partners who share our vision of harnessing blockchain technology to provide effective 
support to vulnerable communities affected by climate change. Given the versatile nature of DIVA Protocol, the smart contract-based 
infrastructure powering DIVA Donate, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric and adapted to many different use 
cases. If you represent an organization passionate about this concept, [reach out](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divatech.ch) and join 
forces to provide more efficient and effective support to those in need.


## 🌔 Conclusion

The 6th DIVA Donate campaign reflects both continuity and innovation: continuity in our commitment to pastoralist resilience, 
and innovation in the way we deliver timely and reliable support.

By introducing nine observation checkpoints and adopting a progressive payout model, we increase the probability of payouts, 
align them more closely with real needs, and strengthen confidence in anticipatory financing. 

We are deeply grateful to our donors and partners for their ongoing trust and support. Together, we can continue to build resilience 
for vulnerable communities facing the realities of climate change.


## 🍀 About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations 
for disaster relief. It is a joint initiative between two entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable 
communities affected by climate change:
1. [**Fortune Connect**](https://fortuneconnectltd.com/): A digital resilience provider specifically targeting microfinance customers in Kenya which provides economic and climate resilience ecosystem digitally driven solutions that have reached 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers and pastoralists.
2. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): Developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.


## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortuneconnectltd.com/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)

Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The 6th DIVA Donate campaign

We are excited to announce the successful conclusion of our [5th campaign](https://www.divadonate.xyz/posts/diva-conditional-donations-pastoralists-5) to **deliver 
anticipatory cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya**. This campaign was conducted in collaboration with Ripple using their new stablecoin RLUSD on 
Ethereum as the payout token. 

**Due to favorable vegetation conditions, no payout was triggered**. Participants can reclaim their contributions by following the steps outlined in 
[this video](https://shorturl.at/uBHLN). These funds can be redeposited in future campaigns to amplify their impact.

Let’s dive into the details and key learnings from this campaign.


## ✨ Campaign overview

The campaign aimed to **assess vegetation health** using the 
[NDVI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_difference_vegetation_index#:~:text=The%20normalized%20difference%20vegetation%20index,%3A%20red%20and%20near%2Dinfrared.) 
metric, derived from satellite imagery, at the end of May during Kenya’s long rainy season (March-June). If the data had indicated vegetation stress, funds would have been 
**automatically disbursed to participating pastoralists** in Laikipia North – a drought-prone region – to support them financially through the upcoming dry season.

More details can be found in the [original campaign announcement](https://www.divadonate.xyz/posts/diva-conditional-donations-pastoralists-5).


## 🐐 Pastoralist onboarding

For this campaign, new participants from Laikipia North region were onboarded. Thanks to the dedicated efforts of two village champions, 
**517 pastoralists** were successfully added, 365 of them (~70%) were women.


## ♥️ Campaign contributions

A total of **$36,709** was contributed, providing coverage of **$71 to each participating pastoralist** – e.g., enough to sustain one livestock for six months in case of drought.

**Key funding sources included:**
* **$25,000** grant from Ripple, the headline sponsor of this campaign
* **$11,640** in rolled-over funds from previous campaigns, originally contributed by Mercy Corps Ventures and Arbitrum
* **$67** from six external contributors


## 🌱 NDVI result

On **31 May 2025**, the NDVI value was recorded at **0.65** (reported as 1.65 for technical reasons). This value exceeded the 
0.61 threshold required to trigger donations, indicating healthy vegetation conditions across the region.


 <img src="/Images/posts/250607 variant 4.png" />

<div style={{ marginTop: '-2rem', fontSize: '0.8rem' }}>
_**Figure 1:** eVIIRS NDVI data for Laikipia North. Source: [FEWS](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/ewx/index.html)_
</div>


 <img src="/Images/posts/Group 11689.png" />

<div style={{ marginTop: '-2rem', fontSize: '0.8rem' }}>
_**Figure 2:** Donation release profile for Laikipia North._
</div>

As a result, no payouts were released to beneficiaries in this round


## 💰 Fund rollover

Since no payouts were triggered, all partner contributions including **Ripple funds have been reclaimed and will be rolled into the next campaign**, 
launching in September and covering the rainy period Oct-Dec 2025.

This demonstrates how **every dollar contributed multiplies its impact** through our need-based approach, ensuring funds are donated only when they are most needed.

## 🎖️ Participant reward

As a token of appreciation, all participants received a POAP, a digital certificate on the blockchain, to commemorate their contribution. Donations of $75 or more got the golden-ring POAP. Smaller contributions received the silver POAP.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Golden POAP white BG.gif" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/SilverPOAPwhite.gif" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


View your POAP [here](https://collectors.poap.xyz/en-us/scan). Thank you to all contributors for your generosity and support! 🙏


## 📚 Key learning

### External contributions

As with previous campaigns, external contributors accounted for only a small portion of total funding. While the protocol remains open for public 
donations, the main funding source continues to be strategic partnerships with aligned organizations.
This reinforces our focus going forward to prioritize institutional partnerships that enable us to reach scale, while maintaining the openness 
of the platform for individuals who wish to contribute.

### Pastoralists onboarding

Onboarding new pastoralists involves higher initial acquisition costs, driven by extensive travel requirements and limited transport infrastructure 
in these remote areas. For this reason, onboarding new pastoralists should be done with the clear intent to run repeat campaigns with them, 
over multiple seasons. This ensures that the onboarding costs are spread across several campaigns, reducing the per-campaign cost over time. 
It is important that this dynamic is clearly communicated to partners and carefully factored into campaign planning, especially when expanding 
into new regions or scaling existing regions.

### Communication and expectation management

Referring to anticipatory aid as a “donation” has created misaligned expectations among some pastoralists—who expected payouts even when 
vegetation conditions were favorable. During interviews, village champions expressed biased views, likely influenced by the assumption that 
this was a donation-based program. To avoid this, we plan to replace the term “donation” with “free climate 
risk protection cover” in future communications. This better reflects the intent: climate-linked support provided at no cost, but not guaranteed.


### Auto-roll functionality request

One donor suggested enabling automatic rollover of unused funds into future campaigns, removing the need for manual claiming and redepositing. 
We’ll explore how this can be implemented to streamline the donor experience.


## 📈 Impact statistics (since inception)

* **$83,219** has been **contributed** across five campaigns.
* **$11,744** (14%) was **distributed** to beneficiaries (during the Q4 2023 MCV pilot campaign).
* On average, **222 pastoralists** were protected per rainy season, with free coverage worth **$75** each.

## 🤝 Join the cause

The DIVA Donate team is **actively seeking partners** who share our vision of harnessing blockchain technology to provide effective support to vulnerable communities affected by climate change. Given the versatile nature of DIVA Protocol, the smart contract powering DIVA Donate, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric and adapted to many different use cases.

If you represent a charity or NGO passionate about this concept, [reach out](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divatech.ch) and join forces to provide more efficient and effective support to those in need.

## 🌖 Conclusion
The successful completion of the 5th DIVA Donate campaign underscores our ongoing commitment to increasing the **climate resilience** of 
vulnerable communities through **blockchain technology**. We are grateful for the support and generosity of all contributors. 🙏 
Stay tuned for the **6th campaign (Oct-Dec 2025)**.


## 🍀 About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations for pre-disaster 
preparedness and relief. It is a joint initiative between two entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable communities 
affected by climate change through anticipatory support that activates before disasters strike:
1. [**Fortune Credit**](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/): a microfinance institution in Kenya which provides credit, insurance & other financial services to 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers & pastoralists, and
2. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)

Successful completion of the 5th DIVA Donate campaign

Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The 5th DIVA Donate campaign

We are excited to announce the successful conclusion of our [4th campaign](https://www.divadonate.xyz/posts/diva-conditional-donations-pastoralists-4)
to provide anticipatory cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya. **Due to favorable vegetation conditions, no payouts were triggered** during this campaign.

Participants can reclaim their contributions by following the steps outlined in [this video](https://shorturl.at/uBHLN). These funds can be redeposited 
in future campaigns to amplify their impact.

Let’s dive into the details and key learnings from this campaign.

## ✨ Campaign overview
The primary goal of this campaign was to **assess vegetation health** using [NDVI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_difference_vegetation_index#:~:text=The%20normalized%20difference%20vegetation%20index,%3A%20red%20and%20near%2Dinfrared.)
(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) following the Oct-Dec 2024 rainy season in Kenya’s Kajiado county and **disburse funds to participating pastoralists** if the NDVI at the end of this period suggests
**insufficient vegetation to support livestock** during the upcoming dry season.

More details can be found in the [original campaign announcement](https://www.divadonate.xyz/posts/diva-conditional-donations-pastoralists-4).

## ♥️ Campaign contributions
A total of **$12’275** was contributed to the campaign, providing **$75 drought coverage** to each of the **163 participating pastoralists**.
Key funding sources included:
* **$8’633** in unreleased Mercy Corps Venture funds rolled over from the previous campaign.
* **$91** generated yield by lending these funds on [Aave](https://aave.com/) during the transition period between campaigns.
* **$2’597** grant from [Arbitrum](https://arbitrum.io/).


 <img src="/Images/posts/Donation Widget 1.jpg" />


## 🌱 NDVI result
On **31 December 2024**, the NDVI value was recorded at **0.69** (reported as 1.69 for technical reasons), which **exceeded the threshold of 0.52 required for payouts**.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Group 11684.png" />


To put it into context, the NDVI value is:
* 19% above the 2012-2021 mean (0.58).
* 33% above the 2003-2022 mean (0.52).
* The second-highest value recorded since 2012 (the highest was 0.75 in 2019).


 <img src="/Images/posts/NDVI3.jpg" />


## 💰 Fund rollover
Since no payouts were triggered, the contributions from Mercy Corps Ventures and Arbitrum will be reclaimed and rolled over into the Mar-May 2025 campaign.
This demonstrates how every dollar contributed multiplies its impact through our need-based approach, ensuring funds are donated only when they are most needed.

## 🎖️ Participant reward
As a token of appreciation, all participants received a digital certificate (a so-called POAP), to commemorate their contribution. Donations of $75 or more got the golden-ring POAP. Smaller contributions received the silver POAP.


 <img src="/Images/posts/2Front - Gold.png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/2Front - Silver.png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


View your POAP [here](https://collectors.poap.xyz/en-us/scan). Thank you to all contributors for your generosity and support! 🙏

## 📚 Key learning
In December, we noticed that FEWSNET had stopped reporting the NDVI value that our campaign relied on. After reaching out, their team quickly acknowledged and resolved the issue.
This experience highlighted that even when using a decentralized oracle like [Tellor Protocol](https://tellor.io/), relying on a single data provider does not eliminate the centralization risk.

One potential solution could involve creating a public script to enable independent calculation of the NDVI value. However, the FEWSNET team explained that their NDVI products require complex systems, including supercomputers for data smoothing, making replication on standard hardware difficult.

To strengthen resilience in future campaigns, we will explore fallback options to address potential disruptions in the main data source.

## 📈 Impact statistics (since inception)
* **$46,510** has been **contributed** across four campaigns.
* **$11,744** (25%) was **distributed** to beneficiaries (during the Q4 2023 MCV pilot campaign).
* On average, **148 pastoralists** were protected per rainy season, with free coverage worth **$78** each and total payouts averaging **$20**.

## 🤝 Join the cause

The DIVA Donate team is **actively seeking partners** who share our vision of harnessing blockchain technology to provide effective support to vulnerable communities affected by climate change. Given the versatile nature of DIVA Protocol, the smart contract powering DIVA Donate, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric and adapted to many different use cases.

If you represent a charity or NGO passionate about this concept, [reach out](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divatech.ch) and join forces to provide more efficient and effective support to those in need.

## 🌖 Conclusion
The successful completion of the 4th DIVA Donate campaign underscores our ongoing commitment to increasing the climate resilience of vulnerable communities through blockchain technology.

We are grateful for the support and generosity of all contributors. 🙏

Stay tuned for the 5th campaign (Mar-May 2025), which will feature a groundbreaking enhancement that multiplies every dollar contributed into more than one dollar donated when drought conditions are met.


## 🍀 About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations 
for disaster relief. It is a joint initiative between two entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable 
communities affected by climate change:
1. [**Fortune Credit**](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/): a microfinance institution in Kenya which provides credit, insurance & other financial services to 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers & pastoralists, and
2. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)

Successful completion of the 4th DIVA Donate campaign

We are excited to announce the launch of the 4th iteration of the DIVA Donate campaign, focused on providing 
anticipatory cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya ahead of drought.

We are particularly thrilled to share that DIVA Donate has been selected as one of the recipients of the 
[Arbitrum ReFi grant](https://app.charmverse.io/refi-in-arbitrum-grants/refi-in-arbitrum-grants-program-overview-03828600111718794). This grant has allowed us to further enhance the DIVA Donate platform and to seed 
this new campaign. The grant is a testament to the value of our work and the community’s trust 
in our mission to become the most effective and efficient platform for disaster relief, powered 
by blockchain technology. We are deeply honored and incredibly grateful for this support! 🙏

In this blog post, we will explore the details of the new campaign and discuss the updates made to the 
DIVA Donate app, all made possible by the generous Arbitrum grant.

## ✨ About the campaign

In our 4th campaign, we remain dedicated to providing anticipatory cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya, specifically in Kajiado county, which are disproportionately affected by climate-change-induced drought.

The campaign’s objective is to assess vegetation health using the [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_Difference_Vegetation_Index) (NDVI) following 
the October-November-December 2024 rainy season and disburse funds to participating pastoralists if the NDVI at 
the end of this period suggests insufficient vegetation, due to lack of rainfall, to support livestock during 
the subsequent dry season.

With a fundraising target of $15’000, our goal is to distribute drought relief of $75 each to 200 pastoralists 
in the event of drought, sufficient to sustain one livestock for six months.

From the previous campaign, $8'633 of the Mercy Corps Funds remained unreleased and will be rolled in this new campaign, along with c. $91 generated in yield by lending these funds on Aave during the transition period between campaigns,
highlighting the amplified impact of every dollar contributed. Additionally, an approximate $2'500 will be contributed from the Arbitrum grant.

## 🧑‍🎓 Calibrating the donation release profile

We continue to rely on [FEWS NDVI data](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/product/902#documentation) as our trigger metric due 
to its resilience against cloud coverage and atmospheric contamination. Its public availability also allows for transparent 
verification by all stakeholders. 

We employed the same methodology as in our previous campaign to determine NDVI thresholds that indicate drought conditions. 
Specifically, we analyzed historical NDVI values at the end of December, coinciding with the end of the rainy season, 
and correlated these with on-the-ground assessments from the [National Drought Management Authority](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=3e0a4f40-b6a7-4393-9296-be1b2a972e73) (NDMA) reports 
during the first two months of the subsequent dry season. More details are provided in the following sections.


### Historical NDVI

Looking at the historical NDVI data covering the last 12 years, a recurring pattern emerges: an increase in NDVI during 
the October-November-December rainy season, indicating improved vegetation, followed by a decline until the end of February / 
beginning of March as the dry season progresses.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Historical NDVI Kajiado Oct-Dec v2.png" />

_Source: [FEWS](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/ewx/index.html)_

The chart highlights the NDVI values on 31 December for each of the last 12 years, ranging between 0.40 in 2017, and 
0.75 in 2019, with an average NDVI value of 0.58. Low NDVI values imply reduced fodder and tougher survival conditions 
for pastoralists' livestock during the subsequent dry period.

### On-ground reports

To assess which NDVI levels led to drought stress in the subsequent dry period, we examined the NDMA reports for January 
and February following the years with the five lowest recorded NDVI values: 2014, 2016, 2017, 2021, and 2022. 

Here is a summary of the drought status assessments, listed in ascending order of NDVI:
* **2017 (NDVI: 0.40)**: The [January 2018](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=f9a0c0f0-bfd3-4fd2-a9ad-b2c510772d4d) report indicated a drought status of Alarm. The report for February was not available.
* **2022 (NDVI: 0.45)**: Reports from [January](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=9d41dd3b-5fd3-4f26-9672-11ab929911e5) and [February 2023](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=0af05e9a-1803-42f4-923f-7f4749c62b18) indicated a drought status of Alarm.
* **2016 (NDVI: 0.50)**: Reports from [January](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=ad94c43f-51a4-4de3-ab46-6c1fa11beadb) and [February 2017](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=66602939-9071-4374-80f4-6c63ccdd8643) indicated a drought status ranging from Alert to Alarm.
* **2014 (NDVI: 0.52)**: Reports from [January](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=f22a606f-0a0d-4ed2-91f1-af116f9ae3c6) and [February 2015](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=f22a606f-0a0d-4ed2-91f1-af116f9ae3c6) indicated a drought status of Alert.
* **2021 (NDVI: 0.53)**: Reports from [January](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=4fd1bea0-2171-4cfc-83ac-2144b4c7c215) and [February 2022](https://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=a96eecba-dc6c-457d-a224-5ae3a6db0c67) indicated a drought status of Alert, but some parts of the region showing normal conditions.

Based on these observations, implementing a donation profile that pays out 100% of the contributed funds for NDVI values of 0.45 
and below (2017 and 2022), 50% for values at 0.50 (2016), and no payout for values at or above 0.52, seems to be a prudent 
approach. The payout profile is depicted below (note that the NDVI value was shifted by +1 for technical reasons):


 <img src="/Images/posts/pastoralists_4_payoff_profile_kajiado.png" />


Any funds that remain unreleased can be reclaimed by the original contributor and redeployed into future campaigns.


## 💡 How to participate

Participating in the campaign is simple if you have a browser wallet funded with [USDT](https://arbiscan.io/token/0xfd086bc7cd5c481dcc9c85ebe478a1c0b69fcbb9) on Arbitrum. Just visit [divadonate.xyz](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-4), 
connect your wallet, enter the amount you wish to contribute, click "Deposit" and confirm the transaction in your wallet.

Note that you may be asked to "Approve" the transfer first in order to grant DIVA Protocol, the smart contract powering DIVA 
Donate, the permission to move USDT on your behalf. For a step-by-step guide, you can check out the 
[video tutorial](https://www.loom.com/share/76fd76726d314cacb018600b444e0723?t=9) produced for a previous campaign 
(make sure to use the Arbitrum One network and select the new campaign).

For those new to crypto, there is a one-time setup process to go through to set up a wallet and convert your local fiat currency 
into cryptocurrency. Refer to our [FAQs](https://docs.divadonate.xyz/overview/faq#how-can-i-participate-in-a-campaign) for more guidance. If you need support, head over to the diva-donate channel in our 
[Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3) and ask your questions. This process will be further simplified in the coming weeks thanks to the [Privy](https://www.privy.io/) integration 
that was implemented thanks to the Arbitrum grant.

## 🏆 Rewards

Consistent with previous campaigns, participants will receive a digital certificate (POAP) to commemorate their contribution. Donations of $75 or more will receive the golden-ring POAP. Smaller contributions will be rewarded with the silver POAP.


 <img src="/Images/posts/2Front - Gold.png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/2Front - Silver.png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


## 👷 Platform enhancements

Thanks to the Arbitrum ReFi grant, we implemented several enhancements to the existing DIVA Donate platform, improving both user experience and performance. These include:

* **Documentation**: We've added [documentation](https://docs.divadonate.xyz/) that explains what DIVA Donate is, how it works, and includes impact statistics from past campaigns.
* **Blog**: We’ve migrated our blog from the DIVA Protocol website to the DIVA Donate domain, creating a more centralized and focused hub for all updates and insights related to our campaigns. You can find it [here](https://www.divadonate.xyz/blog).
* **User-friendly onboarding**: We've integrated [Privy](https://www.privy.io/), the leading onboarding solution in Web3, which features embedded wallets, social logins and fiat-to-crypto on-ramp. This update will make the platform more accessible to a wider audience.
* **Performance enhancements**: Leveraging cutting-edge libraries such as [Wagmi](https://wagmi.sh/react/why) and [Viem](https://viem.sh/), we've optimized platform performance, ensuring more efficient data querying and an overall faster experience for users.
* **Top donors leaderboard**: We've introduced a new Top Donors table on the campaign page, highlighting the most generous contributors and fostering a sense of community engagement and competition.

## 🔢 DIVA Donate Statistics

Below provides the since inception statistics of the DIVA Donate initiative (excluding the new campaign):
* Number campaigns: 3
* Contributed: $34’325
* Donated: $11’744 (34.3%)

Now also available in our [docs](https://docs.divadonate.xyz/).

## 💎 Join the cause

The DIVA Donate team is actively seeking partners who share our vision of harnessing blockchain technology to provide effective 
support to vulnerable communities affected by climate change. Given the versatile nature of DIVA Protocol, the smart contract-based 
infrastructure powering DIVA Donate, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric and adapted to many different use 
cases. If you represent a charity or NGO passionate about this concept, [reach out](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divatech.ch) and join forces to provide more efficient and 
effective support to those in need.

## 🌔 Conclusion

The 4th campaign emphasizes our commitment to mitigate the impact of climate change on pastoralist communities in Kenya. 
We are grateful for the continued support of our donors and partners and look forward to making a meaningful difference 
in the lives of those we serve. We are also grateful for Arbitrum’s support in our mission! Together, we can continue 
to empower communities and foster resilience against the challenges posed by climate change.


## 🍀 About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations 
for disaster relief. It is a joint initiative between two entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable 
communities affected by climate change:
1. [**Fortune Credit**](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/): a microfinance institution in Kenya which provides credit, insurance & other financial services to 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers & pastoralists, and
2. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)

Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The 4th DIVA Donate campaign

**TL;DR:** The [third campaign](https://www.divaprotocol.io/posts/diva-conditional-donations-pastoralists-3)
concluded on 10 June 2024. No donation payment was triggered due to favorable vegetation
conditions. **All participants can claim back their contributions, totaling $8'632.60.**

## 🌍 Outcome

The [NDVI](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_Difference_Vegetation_Index) value as of 31 May 2024, used to assess vegetation and drought conditions at the
onset of the dry season, was recorded at 0.72 on 10 June 2024, the time when the outcome reporting commenced. 
This value significantly exceeded the threshold value of 0.57, marking it as the second highest in recorded history.
According to the predefined criteria for donation release payouts, no payout was triggered 
(the shift by 1 in the NDVI value is for technical reasons and does not affect the outcome).


 <img src="/Images/posts/donation-chart-outcome-kajiado-3.png" />


Below is a graphic that puts the outcome into historical context by comparing it to previous
years that would have triggered a payout due to drought conditions (2014, 2015, 2017, 2022,
2023) according to the established payoff profile, alongside the maximum value recorded in
2018 (0.74).


 <img src="/Images/posts/FEWS Outcome.png" />


 Please note that due to the smoothing algorithm used by FEWS, past values may be revised
 retroactively. For instance, the NDVI value for May 31, 2024, was initially reported at 0.72
 on June 10. It was later adjusted to 0.71 on June 12, and reduced further to 0.69 by June 23.


The outcome aligns with the assessments from Kenya's National Drought Management Authority
(NDMA) detailed in their monthly reports for [March](http://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=ae30158c-9ef7-436c-b441-a0f5b2e35c15), 
[April](http://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Content/LibraryDocuments/Kajiado_DEW_Bulletin-_April_2024.20240521152125.pdf), and [May](http://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=9681f74b-546b-4552-b11b-92605e8f10db). 
An excerpt from the April report, the peak month of the "Long Rains" season, describes the conditions on the ground:

> Due to continued enhanced rainfall during the month, water is adequately available. Open water sources are 
90%-100% recharged, silted too due to floods; rivers overflowing to vicinity. They are expected to last for 
about four to five months. Vegetation condition above normal. Pasture and browse conditions are very good, 
but heavily flooded. Livestock body condition is very good. Milk production slightly above normal due to 
increased calving. No migration, but moved to higher grounds due to floods in some areas. No Livestock mortalities due to drought.

## ✨ Contributions

A total of $8'632.60 was contributed to the campaign, with the majority consisting of Mercy Corps Ventures (MCV)
funds rolled over from the previous campaign by the DIVA Donate team. Additionally, $70 was
contributed by two external users from the DIVA Protocol community.

## 🔮 Outcome reporting via Tellor

The third campaign tested the use of the [Tellor Oracle](https://tellor.io/) for outcome reporting. Tellor is a
decentralized oracle system employing a network of reporters to relay off-chain data to the blockchain.
Reporters are required to post a financial bond of approximately $10,000 prior to reporting,
which may be forfeited in the event of inaccurate reporting, ensuring data accuracy and
integrity. Crucially, using a decentralized oracle system eliminates the risk of a single point of failure, 
enhancing the system's resilience and reliability.

A comprehensive [guide](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/technical-blog/ndvi-outcome-reporting-guide-for-tellor-reporters) on how to source and report the NDVI value was published for Tellor
reporters before campaign expiry.

The timeline of the outcome reporting related events is summarized below:
- The campaign expired on 10 June 2024, at 06:00:00 PM UTC, opening a 7-day window for outcome
reporting.
- Just 16 minutes later, the NDVI value was reported by a Tellor reporter ([tx link](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0xac50ec16204a6fe3fb7e75a89453a1a5f74ea106440e6919401e9cade676af42)).
- After remaining undisputed for 12 hours, a key requirement to ensure data accuracy, the value
was confirmed and pushed to DIVA Protocol for settlement ([tx link](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0x70496cff069b1448b375f58e1385e071bea72bdcd20b2b6e7e6e594e968b36a7)).

The reporting via Tellor Protocol went smoothly, eliminating the 14-hour delay experienced in
the previous campaign due to suboptimal timing configuration in the oracle. Combined with
Tellor's shorter 12-hour dispute period versus DIVA Protocol's conservative three-day period,
this improvement significantly reduced the time for final value confirmation to 12 hours, down
from 86 hours previously.

## 🏆 POAPs

As a token of appreciation, participants received a digital certificate (so-called POAP) to
commemorate their contribution which can be viewed [here](https://collectors.poap.xyz/en-us/scan). Donations of $75 or more received the golden-ring POAP.
Smaller contributions were rewarded with the silver POAP.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Front - Gold (1).png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/Front - Silver (1).png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


## 💰 Claim your funds
To reclaim your funds, navigate to [divadonate.xyz](https://www.divadonate.xyz) and select
**"My Donations"** from the top navigation menu. Click on **"Claim Unfunded Amount"** and confirm the
transaction in your wallet.

The reclaimed MCV funds are earmarked for redeposit into the fourth campaign planned for October-November-December
2024. This third iteration of fund utilization underscores the magnified impact of every dollar contributed.

## 💡 Key Learnings

This section summarizes the key takeaways from the third campaign.

### Smooth reporting process via Tellor Oracle:
The integration of the Tellor Oracle improved final value confirmation times by over 80%,
reducing disbursement delays in the event of a payout.

### Carefully study new datasets before using them as trigger metrics:

The campaign utilized the publicly available, smoothed NDVI dataset from the [USGS Famine
Early Warning System Network (FEWS)](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/product/902#documentation), 
which corrects for cloud coverage and atmospheric contamination. Post-launch, it was discovered that 
the dataset’s smoothing algorithm retroactively adjusts historical observations. For example, the NDVI 
value for May 31, 2024, initially reported at 0.72 on June 10, subsequently dropped to 0.71 by June 12 
and further to 0.69 by June 23.

To mitigate confusion and prevent costly disputes, we highlighted this fact in the [Tellor reporting guide](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/technical-blog/ndvi-outcome-reporting-guide-for-tellor-reporters) 
and provided additional instructions on which value to report, including a recommendation to document 
submissions through video recording. The recording from the Tellor reporter who submitted the NDVI value 
of 0.72 for the third campaign can be found [here](https://www.loom.com/share/f5849a5edc9c44e88c5ad4352b8f4d3b). For future campaigns utilizing the FEWS dataset, these 
details should be clarified in the [reference asset specifications](https://bafybeibdjwmxn3r7cxx4bqqolqp3qib6l2co6mdrqh46ry2ab7cgbsamtu.ipfs.w3s.link/tellor_reference_asset_kajiado.json) already.

This situation emphasizes the importance of fully understanding the dataset and clearly communicating 
the reporting requirements to avoid costly disputes.

### Challenges in user onboarding:

Participation was limited to only two external users with a total amount of $70, primarily 
due to low marketing activities and the barrier of requiring web3 knowledge for participation. 
Moving forward, we will focus on forming partnerships with NGOs and securing grant funding 
to engage fewer, but more impactful, participants who can contribute more substantially in 
terms of dollar amounts to the campaigns. However, we want to emphasize that external users 
will still be able to participate in the campaigns.

### Clarifying expectations for beneficiaries

Despite prior explanations about the conditional nature of the program, pastoralists onboarded for the 
campaign anticipated guaranteed payouts, mistaking the onboarding process for a pledge of funds at season’s end. 
To prevent such misunderstandings, we plan to transition to group onboarding strategies. This method distributes 
funds to established groups representing the pastoralists, who then allocate the funds internally, simplifying the 
process for future campaigns by reducing the frequency of individual onboarding.

### Add protection against flooding:

While rainfall is generally beneficial for vegetation, excessive rainfall, like that observed in April, 
can lead to flooding. To provide protection against excessive rainfall, the campaign payout could be 
structured to cover both scenarios – too little and too much rain. This dual-trigger strategy will be 
explored in future campaigns to better protect against the two extremes.

## 🔍 Transparency

While this article focuses on the outcomes and insights from our third campaign, it also presents an opportunity 
to underscore the transparent nature of the processes at DIVA Donate. Given the 
inherent transparency of blockchain technology, all details and transactions related to the campaign 
can be independently verified. Please note that some information may be encoded in a format that is 
not directly interpretable without specific knowledge or decoding tools (e.g., 1720000000000000000 
corresponds to 1.72).

### Campaign setup

The campaign parameters, including the [reference asset](https://bafybeibdjwmxn3r7cxx4bqqolqp3qib6l2co6mdrqh46ry2ab7cgbsamtu.ipfs.w3s.link/tellor_reference_asset_kajiado.json), payout profile, data provider, and expiry time, 
are specified upfront and cannot be altered after campaign launch. These details are accessible 
on the blockchain explorer [louper.dev](https://louper.dev/diamond/0x2C9c47E7d254e493f02acfB410864b9a86c28e1D?network=polygon#read) by following these steps:
1. Navigate to **Read**,
2. Select **GetterFacet** in the Choose Facet dropdown on the right,
3. Expand **getPoolParameters** function,
4. Enter the campaign identifier **0x8c85108a28a163d17222c2140eea57f9d1cb7f83f69dfc04eb0d9e51298dea2b6** into the _poolId field,
5. Click the **Query** button.
The parameters floor, inflection, cap, and gradient define the shape of the payoff curve. For interpretation 
of these parameters, consult the [DIVA Protocol documentation](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/introduction/what-is-diva-protocol/how-it-works/payoff-curves).


 <img src="/Images/posts/Campaign details-3_1.jpg" />


### Outcome reporting steps

The two transactions involved in the outcome reporting via the Tellor Oracle can be accessed here:
* [NDVI value submission to Tellor Protocol](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0xac50ec16204a6fe3fb7e75a89453a1a5f74ea106440e6919401e9cade676af42): 
This is the initial step where the NDVI value is submitted to the Tellor Protocol by Tellor reporters.
* [NDVI value submission from Tellor Protocol to DIVA Protocol](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0x70496cff069b1448b375f58e1385e071bea72bdcd20b2b6e7e6e594e968b36a7): 
If a reported NDVI value remains undisputed for at least 12 hours, anyone can trigger the push of the value from Tellor Protocol to DIVA Protocol for final processing.

### Reported outcome

The final value (finalReferenceValue) and the respective payouts for beneficiaries (payoutShort) and participants 
(payoutLong) can be verified in the [same location](https://louper.dev/diamond/0x2C9c47E7d254e493f02acfB410864b9a86c28e1D?network=polygon#read) as the campaign setup.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Campaign outcome-3_2.jpg" />


### Contributions
Details on all contributions, including contributing accounts, amounts, are available [here](https://polygonscan.com/token/0xF253278A45fD1EB0F2B16260C9314b8740Fa94cf) 
(transactions labelled **createContingentPool** and **addLiquidity**).

### Claim back
All claim back transactions following the campaign's expiry can be viewed in the [same section as contributions](https://polygonscan.com/token/0xF253278A45fD1EB0F2B16260C9314b8740Fa94cf) 
(transactions labelled **batchRedeemPositionToken**).

## 🌔 Conclusion

The successful completion of the third DIVA Donate campaign highlights our ongoing commitment to increasing the climate resilience of vulnerable communities through technology. By integrating the Tellor Oracle, we've significantly improved outcome 
reporting times and reliability. We look forward to leveraging these insights to refine future initiatives and 
effectively address extreme weather conditions. Thank you to all participants for your support and contribution 
towards making a meaningful difference in our target communities.

## 🍀 About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations. It is a 
joint initiative between two entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable communities affected by climate change:
1. [**Fortune Credit**](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/): a microfinance institution in Kenya which provides credit, insurance & other financial services to 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers & pastoralists, and 
2. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Credit: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)

DIVA Donate - 3rd campaign completes

Following the successful conditional donation campaign for the October-November-December 2023 rainy season in collaboration with Mercy Corps Ventures, 
we are excited to announce the launch of the third pilot campaign under the DIVA Donate initiative. Building upon our experiences and 
the insights gained from the previous campaigns, this new campaign introduces a more robust NDVI metric that corrects for cloud coverage 
and atmospheric contamination and tests the outcome reporting via the decentralized Tellor oracle system. 

Let’s dive in.

## ✨ About the campaign

In our third campaign, we remain dedicated to providing anticipatory cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya, which are disproportionately affected by 
climate-change-induced drought.

The campaign’s objective is to assess vegetation health using the [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_Difference_Vegetation_Index) (NDVI) 
following the March-April-May 2024 rainy season and disburse funds to participating pastoralists if the NDVI at the end of this period suggests insufficient vegetation to support 
livestock during the upcoming dry season.

Given a more focused fundraising target of $10’000, compared to $25’000 in the previous campaign, the campaign concentrates on Kajiado county solely. This region was a 
beneficiary in the last campaign and received 16.4% of the contributed funds.

## 📊 Enhanced NDVI metric

The NDVI, sourced from satellite imagery, remains our key metric to evaluate the vegetation health on the ground. This time, however, we are utilizing a smoothed dataset from the 
[USGS Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS)](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/product/902#documentation) that corrects for cloud coverage and atmospheric contamination.

By leveraging this enhanced dataset, we can directly use the NDVI values recorded at the end of the observation period, eliminating the need for average calculations to 
address the problem of contamination. The switch to this new dataset is a response to our last campaign's experience, where relying on average NDVI values led to skewed 
outcomes due to the influence of outliers. A comprehensive analysis and the key learnings from the previous pilot campaign are still being finalized and will be published 
in a separate article.


 <img src="/Images/posts/kajiado_county_location.jpg" />


## 🔮 Outcome reporting

The reliability of the data reporting system is of utmost importance. In this campaign, we are adopting Tellor Oracle, 
a decentralized system that allows smart contracts to securely and reliably access data from off-chain sources. Tellor uses a decentralized network of 
staked reporters to provide this data, ensuring network integrity and discouraging false reporting. In addition, by decentralizing the data provision, 
we effectively eliminate the risk of a single point of failure, ensuring the system's resilience and reliability.

We will release a comprehensive guide specifically for Tellor reporters over the coming weeks, detailing the process for data retrieval and reporting.

## 🧑‍🎓 Payoff calibration

The payoff calibration process involves identifying the NDVI thresholds indicative of drought conditions to trigger disbursements to pastoralists. 
The first step is to look at the NDVI data. Below chart shows the FEWS NDVI data for Kajiado county, updated every 5 days and covering the last 12 years.


 <img src="/Images/posts/pastoralists_3_historical_data.jpg" />

_Source: [FEWS](https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews/ewx/index.html)_

The chart illustrates a recurring pattern: an increase in NDVI during the March-April-May rainy season, indicating improved vegetation, 
followed by a decline until the end of September as the dry season progresses. Low NDVI values at the end of May imply reduced fodder 
for pastoralists' livestock, forecasting tougher survival conditions through the dry months.

The chart highlights the NDVI values on 31 May for the last 12 years. The values vary between 0.45 in 2014, and 0.74 in 2018, with an 
average NDVI value of 0.59. Without additional information, it is not possible to tell whether 0.45 represents a low or high level.

To make this assessment, we have leveraged the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) maps published by the 
[National Drought Management Authority (NDMA)](http://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=3e0a4f40-b6a7-4393-9296-be1b2a972e73) in their monthly county reports.


 <img src="/Images/posts/vci_kajiado.jpg" />

_Source: [Kajiado DEW Bulletin-December 2023](http://knowledgeweb.ndma.go.ke/Public/Resources/ResourceDetails.aspx?doc=3e0a4f40-b6a7-4393-9296-be1b2a972e73)_

The VCI measures the average NDVI over a 3-month period, mapping the current vegetation health to its historical range, expressed as a percentage from 
0% to 100%. Lower VCI values indicate that vegetation health is near the historical minimum, whereas higher values indicate levels closer to the 
historical maximum. More specifically, VCI values below 20% mark severe drought conditions (highlighted by a red box), values between 20% and 35% 
indicate moderate drought (highlighted by a yellow box), and values above 35% reflect normal to optimal vegetation conditions (highlighted by a green box).

The presence of yellow or red boxes during the dry season months June, July, August, and September, suggests insufficient vegetation build-up during the 
preceding rainy season.

With this approach, we identify 2009, 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2022 as the years that experienced drought conditions. Specifically, we can see moderate 
drought conditions in 2014, 2017 and 2022 associated with NDVI levels of 0.45, 0.50, and 0.49, respectively, by the end of May. For the years 2009 
and 2011 no specific data is available, however, the presence of red boxes suggests that NDVI levels must have been even lower. Based on these 
insights, we have set a full fund release for NDVI levels at or below 0.50.

To create a more equitable payout structure, we implemented a linearly increasing payout profile, starting at 0.57, slightly below the 2012-2023 
average of 0.59. Historically, this selected payout structure would have distributed 100% of the contributed funds in 3 out of 12 cases and 0% 
in 7 out of 12 cases, underscoring the need-based approach. In the remaining two cases, the payout would have fallen within a range of 0% to 100%, 
following the linear payout curve.

The chosen payout profile for the campaign is depicted below (note that the NDVI value was shifted by +1 for technical reasons):


 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_pastoralists_mar_may_2024.png" />


## ♻️ Recycling contributions

Any unreleased funds contributed by the DIVA Donate team to the previous campaign ($8’430) will be recycled and redirected to support the new campaign. 
In addition, the DIVA delegate has committed himself to contribute the fees withheld by DIVA Protocol at the time of payout claim during the previous 
campaign (~$50) to the new campaign, thereby emphasizing the flexibility inherent in DIVA Protocol‘s governance model.

Participants from the prior campaign are encouraged to claim any unreleased funds and amplify their impact by supporting the new campaign. If you 
haven’t claimed the funds from the previous campaign yet, learn how to do it in [this video](https://www.loom.com/share/6a37d6ac32034af4a128308c1a56f789).

## 💡 How to participate

Participating in the campaign is simple if you have a browser wallet with [USDT](https://polygonscan.com/address/0xc2132D05D31c914a87C6611C10748AEb04B58e8F) on Polygon. 
Just visit [divadonate.xyz](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-3), connect your wallet, enter the amount you wish to contribute, click "Deposit" and confirm the transaction in your wallet.

Note that you may be asked to "Approve" the transfer first in order to grant DIVA Protocol the permission to move USDT on your behalf. For a step-by-step guide, you can check out the 
[video tutorial](https://www.loom.com/share/76fd76726d314cacb018600b444e0723?t=9) produced for the previous campaign.


 <img src="/Images/posts/donate_pastoralists_3.jpg" />


For those new to crypto, there is a one-time setup process to go through to [set up a wallet](https://wiki.polygon.technology/docs/develop/metamask/hello/)
and [convert](https://www.coinbase.com/) your local currency into crypto assets. Refer to our [FAQs](https://divadonate.xyz/faq) for more guidance. 
If you need support, head over to the diva-donate channel in our [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3) and ask your questions.

## 🏆 Rewards

Consistent with previous campaigns, participants will receive a digital certificate (POAP) to commemorate their contribution. Donations of $75 or 
more will receive the golden-ring POAP. Smaller contributions will be rewarded with the silver POAP.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Front - Gold (1).png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/Front - Silver (1).png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


## 🛠️ Technical campaign details

Below are the technical details of the campaign setup, enabling everyone to monitor the fund flows and the reporting process on the Polygon blockchain:
* Donor token: [0xF253278A45fD1EB0F2B16260C9314b8740Fa94cf](https://polygonscan.com/address/0xF253278A45fD1EB0F2B16260C9314b8740Fa94cf)
* Beneficiary token: [0xC6426753264774EAB988d91DD29CfE6a626b14a0](https://polygonscan.com/address/0xC6426753264774EAB988d91DD29CfE6a626b14a0)
* PoolId: [0x8c85108a28a163d1722c2140eea57f9d1cb7f83f69dfc04eb0d9e51298dea2b6](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0x6090358798710828fa20c63f42fcf4be3cc8f91e90e1aa31ac7ced48e0d17e60)
* [Reference asset description stored on IPFS](https://bafybeibdjwmxn3r7cxx4bqqolqp3qib6l2co6mdrqh46ry2ab7cgbsamtu.ipfs.w3s.link/tellor_reference_asset_kajiado.json)
* Tellor oracle adapter: [0x7950DB13cc37774614B0AA406e42a4C4f0BF26a6](https://polygonscan.com/address/0x7950DB13cc37774614B0AA406e42a4C4f0BF26a6)

## 🔢 DIVA Donate Statistics

Below provides the since inception statistics of the DIVA Donate initiative (excluding the new campaign):
* Number campaigns: 2
* Contributed: $25’602
* Donated: $11’744 (45.9%)

## 💎 Join the cause

The DIVA Donate team is actively seeking partners who share our vision of harnessing blockchain technology to launch parametric conditional donation campaigns. 
Given the versatile nature of DIVA Protocol, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric. If you represent a charity or NGO passionate about this 
concept, [reach out](http://wladimir.weinbender@divadonate.xyz) and join forces to provide more efficient and effective support to vulnerable communities worldwide.

## 🌔 Conclusion

The third campaign emphasizes our commitment to mitigate the impact of climate change on pastoralist communities in Kenya. By enhancing the NDVI metric, 
we aim to provide more precise and impactful support. The incorporation of the Tellor oracle for outcome reporting reflects our dedication to improving 
the reliability of our solution. We are grateful for the continued support of our donors and partners and look forward to making a meaningful difference 
in the lives of those we serve. Together, we can continue to empower communities and foster resilience against the challenges posed by climate change.

## 🍀 About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations. It is a 
joint initiative between two entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable communities affected by climate change:
1. [**Fortune Credit**](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/): a microfinance institution in Kenya which provides credit, insurance & other financial services to 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers & pastoralists, and
2. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)

Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The third DIVA Donate campaign

**TL;DR: This article sheds light on the methodology used to determine the donation release profiles for the [**ongoing parametric conditional donation campaign**](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-mcv) 
supporting pastoralists in Kenya.**

The current campaign with pastoralists in Kenya uses the following donation release profiles:


 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_laikipia.jpg" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_kajiado.jpg" />


The reference metric is the average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) recorded during the period 1st October to 22nd December 2023, shifted by 1.

Let’s explore why this particular configuration was chosen.

## Context

Kenya’s climate naturally fluctuates between rainy and dry seasons. Rainfall during the rainy season triggers vegetation growth, which provides necessary pasture 
for livestock in the coming dry season. However, over the last few years climate change has been reducing rainfall during these periods, 
intensifying challenges in the dry season, causing livestock losses and hunger, affecting millions of people.

Specifically, the years [2016, 2017](https://fews.net/sites/default/files/documents/reports/FEWS_NET_Horn_of_Africa_June%202017_Drought_Map_Book.pdf) and [2022](https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/150712/worst-drought-on-record-parches-horn-of-africa) 
were marked by severe droughts. Notably, the rainy season of [2022 (March - May)](https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/drought-threatens-starvation-horn-africa-un-agencies-say-2022-05-31/) was recorded as the driest in over 40 years.

The goal of the conditional donation campaign is to time the release of funds just before the inception of the dry season when the rainfall amount during the rainy season is deemed insufficient.

## Methodology

To achieve this goal, the following three steps were required:
* Determine a measure for drought
* Identify the rainy period
* Define the shape of the donation release profiles

## Drought measure

The campaign uses the [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_Difference_Vegetation_Index) (NDVI) as a drought measure. 
The NDVI is sourced from satellite imagery and measures the density and health of vegetation in a given region, which closely mirrors rainfall quantity. Higher NDVI values 
indicate a greater density of healthy vegetation, while lower values indicate drought stress.

The available dataset spans 11 years (2012-2022), extracted from [eVIIRs](https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros/science/usgs-eros-archive-vegetation-monitoring-eros-visible-infrared-imaging) 
and provided by [Shamba Network](https://shamba.network/). Each NDVI data point represents a 5-day average, creating a dataset that is more resilient against cloud coverage which can prevent vegetation measurement.

## Historical data analysis

When examining the historical NDVI data, a clear seasonality pattern emerges, as illustrated below for the two Kenyan counties involved:


 <img src="/Images/posts/historical_ndvi_laikpia.png" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/historical_ndvi_kajiado.png" />


Local bottoms mark the end of dry periods and the start of rainy periods, while local tops indicate the end of rainy periods and the start of dry periods. 

Specifically, there are two distinct rainy seasons during a year: one starting in March and another in October. This pattern becomes apparent when 
examining the data more closely, as illustrated in the following example for the years 2015-2017.


 <img src="/Images/posts/historical_ndvi_laikipia_2015_2017.png" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/historical_ndvi_kajiado_2015_2017.png" />


During these periods, the NDVI hits a local bottom (typically in March & October) and subsequently increases, indicating higher rainfall levels. The NDVI peaks at the end of 
May and December, respectively, signifying reduced rainfall thereafter. This consistent pattern holds true for both regions.

## Observation Period

For the ongoing campaign, only the rainy season starting in October was considered. The historical NDVI data from August to January for both counties is plotted below:


 <img src="/Images/posts/historical_ndvi_aug_jan_laikpia.png" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/historical_ndvi_aug_jan_kajiado.png" />


Based on local bottoms and tops visible in the charts, the observation period for the campaign was set from 1st October to 31st December 2023. Considering that no data is typically 
published between 22 and 31 December, the actual observation end date was set to 22th December. To mitigate the risk of delayed availability of the data, the outcome will be reported with a 10-day delay, 
on 2nd January 2024.

## Reference asset

To trigger the donation release, the average NDVI value during the observation period is used. The use of the average as a summary statistic is suitable given 
the absence of outliers in the data.

The average NDVIs by year for the observation period 1st October to 31st December are plotted below. As can be seen, flatter curves observed in the previous 
images result in a lower average value.


 <img src="/Images/posts/average_ndvi_laikpia.png" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/average_ndvi_kajiado.png" />


For both counties, the lows in the year 2022 align with the occurrence of a severe drought [documented](https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/150712/worst-drought-on-record-parches-horn-of-africa) in the Horn of Africa. 
The 2016/2017 drought had a more pronounced impact on Kajiado compared to Laikipia.

_Note: As the NDVI can go as low as -1, but the underlying smart contract cannot accommodate negative values, the average NDVI shifted by 1 
serves as the actual reference metric._

## Donation release profiles 

We can now use the historical averages to shape the donation release profiles. 

For the campaign we used the 30th, 50th and 80th percentiles as reference points. Between the 50th and 80th percentile, 
the donation amount gradually increases to 20% of the deposited funds. Beyond the 50th percentile, the acceleration is more 
pronounced, leading to a full 100% donation when the NDVI value falls at or below the 30th percentile. 


 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_laikipia.jpg" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_kajiado.jpg" />


Taking Kajiado, for example, the values 1.45, 1.47, and 1.51 correspond to the 30th, 50th, and 80th percentiles. In other words:
* 30% of the shifted average NDVIs are at or below 1.45. Looking at the average NDVI chart in the previous section, this holds true for the years 2017, 2021 
and 2022 (2014 and 2016 are slightly above, not visible due to rounding), resulting in 100% of the deposited funds being donated.
* 50% of the shifted average NDVIs are at or below 1.47. This holds true for the years 2014, 2016, 2017, 2021, and 2022 
(2013 is slightly above, not visible due to rounding), resulting in 20% of the deposited funds being donated.
* 80% of the shifted average NDVIs are at or below 1.51. This holds true for the years 2012-2022 except for 2019 and 2020, 
resulting in a non-zero donation amount. The only instances where a donation would not be triggered are the years 2019 and 2020.

A similar logic applies to Laikipia. 

It's worth noting that commercial index-based insurance products typically employ a lower percentile (5-25%) as the trigger threshold. 
The beauty of conditional donations lies in their capacity for more generous payouts.

_Note: We acknowledge that using simple averages leans towards pragmatism. In contrast, insurance companies may employ more 
sophisticated techniques to normalize the data - a consideration for future campaigns._

## Join the cause

If you represent a charity or non-profit organization passionate about the concept of parametric conditional donations, [reach 
out](http://wladimir.weinbender@divadonate.xyz) and join forces to provide more efficient and effective support to vulnerable communities worldwide. Given the versatile 
nature of DIVA Protocol, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric and the donation release profile can be 
tailored to reflect the specific needs and objectives.

## About DIVA Donate

DIVA Donate is an innovative platform that leverages blockchain technology to enable parametric conditional donations. It is a 
joint initiative between three entities united around the mission of empowering vulnerable communities affected by climate change:
1. [**Fortune Credit**](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/): a microfinance institution in Kenya which provides credit, insurance & other financial services to 50k+ customers including small-holder farmers & pastoralists,
2. [**Shamba Network**](https://shamba.network/): an oracle which brings ecological/remotely-sensed data on-chain, and
3. [**DIVA Technologies AG**](https://www.divaprotocol.io/): developer of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative contracts peer-to-peer.

## About Mercy Corps Ventures

[Mercy Corps Ventures](https://www.mercycorps.org/what-we-do/ventures) (MCV) invests in and catalyzes venture-led solutions to increase the resilience of underserved individuals and communities. 
Founded in 2015 as the impact investing arm of Mercy Corps, MCV supported 43 early-stage ventures to scale and raised over $396.7 million 
in follow-on funding. In September 2023, MCV [announced](https://agfundernews.com/mercy-corps-ventures-pilots-the-blockchain-to-get-cash-transfers-to-communities-ahead-of-climate-shock) 
a partnership with DIVA Donate to test anticipatory cash transfers to communities ahead of climate shocks leveraging blockchain technology.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz) | [Campaign](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-mcv) 
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)
* Shamba Network: [Website](https://shamba.network/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/shambanetwork)
* Mercy Corps Ventures: [Website](https://www.mercycorps.org/what-we-do/ventures) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/MCSocialVenture)

DIVA Donate - Insights into Trigger Selection Methodology

**TL;DR: [DIVA Donate](https://www.divadonate.xyz/), an innovative conditional donation platform developed by [DIVA Technologies AG](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) in collaboration with [Fortune Connect](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) 
and [Shamba Network](https://shamba.network/), has partnered up with [Mercy Corps Ventures](https://www.mercycorps.org/what-we-do/ventures) (MCV) to harness the potential of blockchain technology to positively 
impact the lives of vulnerable communities in the Horn of Africa.**

In early 2023, MCV has announced the [launch of its second Crypto For Good Fund](https://medium.com/mercy-corps-social-venture-fund/real-world-use-cases-for-web3-in-emerging-markets-launching-the-crypto-for-good-fund-ii-40c9516eb1bf) with the goal to drive global financial 
inclusion and climate resilience through a series of pilots, demonstrating the scalability of blockchain-enabled solutions 
in making a positive impact in emerging markets. 

Out of a competitive pool of 200 applicants, DIVA Donate emerged as one of the winners, a testament to the team‘s commitment 
to demonstrate that blockchain is more than just speculation; it can be a force for positive change for millions worldwide.

## 🛡️ Empowering Kenyan pastoralists

The collaborative efforts between DIVA Donate and MCV will focus on leveraging blockchain technology to provide anticipatory 
cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya, specifically in the counties of Kajiado and Laikipia. These communities 
heavily depend on livestock and livestock products for their livelihoods and are disproportionately affected by 
climate-change-induced drought. Read the official pilot announcement [here](https://agfundernews.com/mercy-corps-ventures-pilots-the-blockchain-to-get-cash-transfers-to-communities-ahead-of-climate-shock).

## ✨ How it works

Users participate in the campaign by depositing funds in the form of the [USDT stablecoin](https://polygonscan.com/address/0xc2132D05D31c914a87C6611C10748AEb04B58e8F) through the [DIVA Donate](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-mcv) web application. 
These funds are held trustlessly inside the DIVA Protocol smart contract on the [Polygon](https://polygon.technology/) blockchain and released to beneficiaries based on the average [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_difference_vegetation_index) (NDVI) observed during the period Q4 2023 reported by the remote-sensed data oracle [Shamba Network](https://shamba.network/).

The NDVI is a commonly used metric to assess drought conditions in an area by measuring 
vegetation density and health. If the value falls below a critical level, a donation payment will be triggered. If vegetation 
remains healthy during the monitoring period, the user can reclaim their funds and redeploy them in the next campaign, 
thereby maximizing impact.

The donation amount varies based on county-specific profiles influenced by historical 30th, 50th, & 80th percentiles for Kajiado (1.45, 1.47, & 1.51) and Laikipia (1.54, 1.59, & 1.64). 
The chosen profiles exhibit a gradual increase from the 80th to the 50th percentile, resulting in a 20% donation, followed by an accelerated increase 
to 100% donation between the 50th and 30th percentiles, reflecting the increasing severity of drought conditions and the greater demand for financial support. 
The donation profiles for the two counties are depicted below.


 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_kajiado.png" />


 <img src="/Images/posts/payoff_profile_laikipia.png" />


Deposits will be automatically split 50/50 between the two programmatic escrows created for each region. Consequently, the released donation amount 
represents the average between the payouts for these two regions. 

Example: If the outcome is 1.44 for Kajiado and 1.59 for Laikipia,
then 60% of the deposited funds will be disbursed as a donation and 40% will be reclaimable by the depositing user. If the outcome is 1.45 for Kajiado and 1.54 for Laikipia, 100% of the deposited funds will be released as donation.
No donation is released if the outcome exceeds 1.51 for Kajiado and 1.64 for Laikipia.

## 🌧️ Anticipatory aid

The observation period Q4 2023 represents the rainy season, followed by a dry season. This is where the anticipatory nature 
of the pilot comes into play. If during the rainy season, rainfall falls below the critical threshold, as implied by the 
donation profile, donations are triggered, providing vital financial support for the upcoming, more challenging dry season.

## ⛓️ Benefits of using smart contracts

One of the key benefits of utilizing smart contracts is that aid is swiftly delivered in response to reported conditions 
without requiring manual intervention. Other advantages include transparent donations and an open, permissionless 
approach that allows participation from anywhere in the world with any amount at minimal cost.

## 🍀 Participate now

To participate in the campaign, head over to [DIVA Donate](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign/pastoralists-mcv) and deposit any amount of USDT 
to support pastoralists in Kenya in the event of drought.

Note that you will need a [Metamask wallet](https://metamask.io/), a small amount of MATIC to cover the transaction costs on Polygon (which are minimal), 
and some [USDT](https://polygonscan.com/address/0xc2132D05D31c914a87C6611C10748AEb04B58e8F). The team is working on enabling donations in fiat to abstract 
away the complexities involved in interacting with blockchain applications.

## 🏆 Rewards
As a token of appreciation, donors will receive a digital certificate known as a POAP to commemorate their contribution. 
Donations of $75 or more will receive the golden-ring POAP. Smaller contributions will be rewarded with the silver POAP.


 <img src="/Images/posts/poap_pastoralists_mcv.png" />


## 💎 Join the cause
The DIVA Donate team is actively seeking partners who share their vision of harnessing blockchain technology to launch parametric 
conditional donation campaigns. Given the versatile nature of DIVA Protocol, the donation payout can be linked to virtually any metric. If you represent a charity or NGO passionate about this concept, [reach out](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divadonate.xyz) and join forces to 
provide more efficient and effective support to vulnerable communities worldwide.

## 🌔 Conclusion

DIVA Donate's partnership with Mercy Corps Ventures is a testament to the transformative potential of blockchain technology. 
By providing anticipatory cash transfers to pastoralist communities in Kenya, this initiative not only showcases the power 
of blockchain but also demonstrates the profound impact it can have on improving the lives of those in need. Join DIVA 
Donate and MCV in this endeavor to make a positive difference in the world.

## About DIVA Technologies AG

DIVA Technologies AG is a Swiss based software consulting firm focused on applications related to the DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system co-founded by 
the CEO of the company, Wladimir Weinbender, to enable peer-to-peer conditional payment agreements.
In particular, DIVA Technologies AG is the developer of the DIVA Donate platform, a conditional donation platform that allows users to 
donate to ongoing campaigns in a transparent, trustless, and cost-effective manner.

## About Fortune Connect

Fortune Connect Limited is a microfinance institution in Kenya, providing credit, insurance and other non-financial 
services to 50,000+ customers in Kenya including smallholder farmers, female micro-retailers, and youth in the mobility industry.

## About Shamba Network

Shamba Network develops an oracle for the collection, analytics, and use of ecological data on-chain. Through the Shamba oracle, 
smart contracts get updated on what is happening in real time and use this data to trigger a wide variety of actions. 
Shamba’s oracle relies on satellite data to monitor vegetation levels in a given area.

## About Mercy Corps Ventures

Mercy Corps Ventures (MCV) invests in and catalyzes venture-led solutions to increase the resilience of underserved individuals and communities. 
Founded in 2015 as the impact investing arm of Mercy Corps, MCV supported 43 early-stage ventures to scale and raised over $396.7 million in follow-on funding.

## 🔗 Links

* DIVA Donate: [Website](https://www.divadonate.xyz/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/DIVADonate_xyz)
* DIVA Protocol: [Website](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) | [Github](https://github.com/divaprotocol/diva-protocol-v1) | [Docs](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io) | [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3)
* Fortune Connect: [Website](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/fortuneconnectk)
* Shamba Network: [Website](https://shamba.network/) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/shambanetwork)
* Mercy Corps Ventures: [Website](https://www.mercycorps.org/what-we-do/ventures) | [Twitter](https://twitter.com/MCSocialVenture)

DIVA Donate partners up with Mercy Corps Ventures to aid Kenyan pastoralists in the event of drought

We are delighted to announce the completion of the [first conditional donation campaign](https://www.divaprotocol.io/posts/diva-donate-launch) 
on the [DIVA Donate platform](https://www.divadonate.xyz/campaign), which officially ended on 11 June. Due to sufficient rainfall levels, no donation was triggered this time, allowing donors 
to reclaim their contributions.

Specifically, the recorded value of the trigger metric (1 + Average NDVI) was [reported](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0x13ed39250aa086c997c41c89dadb24c51afc76739ab6f3c813810643b7a136b9) as 1.34, exceeding the trigger 
range of 0.00-1.23 established in the pre-defined payoff profile.


 <img src="/Images/posts/Donationprofile.png" />


Although no donation was triggered, the pilot campaign is considered a success and has provided valuable insights to 
our team. We are already preparing for upcoming campaigns to further amplify our positive impact. Donors who have 
reclaimed their contributions will have the opportunity to redirect their funds towards new initiatives, maximizing 
the impact of every dollar contributed.

We are grateful to all those that have participated in the DIVA Donate initiative. 🙏

## Join us
Join the DIVA Donate movement to make a positive impact on the world. If you have ideas for 
campaigns or can contribute meaningfully to fundraising or development, reach out to the [team](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divadonate.xyz).

## About DIVA Technologies AG

[DIVA Technologies AG](https://www.divaprotocol.io/) is a Swiss-based entity that provides DIVA Protocol and other Web3-related consulting services. The company was 
founded in 2022 by Wladimir Weinbender, Co-Founder of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based system for creating and managing custom derivative financial contracts peer-to-peer.

## About Fortune Connect

[Fortune Connect](https://fortunecredit.co.ke/) is a digital financial inclusion hub enabling farmers to access market information, technical knowledge, financial literacy, and financial 
access tools for credit and insurance in Kenya. Fortune Connect Innovation was started in 2021 and incubated by Fortune Credit before rolling out to several 
places in rural Kenya.

## About Shamba Network

[Shamba Network](https://shamba.network/) powers an oracle that enables the collection, analytics and use of ecological data on-chain. It provides the web3 ecosystem with 
infrastructure that allows insight into the physical world, enabling things like ecological impact to be monitored. Through the Shamba oracle, 
smart contracts can get updated on what is happening on the ground and use this data to trigger a wide variety of actions.

DIVA Donate - The first successful campaign completed

DIVA Technologies AG, in collaboration with [Fortune Connect](https://fortuneconnectltd.com/) and 
[Shamba Network](https://shamba.network/), is excited to announce the launch of [DIVA Donate](http://divadonate.xyz/), the first 
platform designed to facilitate conditional donations using blockchain technology, more precisely [DIVA Protocol](https://www.divaprotocol.io/), a versatile blockchain-based operating system for derivative products. 
Learn more about it in one of our last [posts](https://www.divaprotocol.io/posts/diva-conditional-donations).

In this article, we will share all the information you need to know about our first campaign, how 
you can participate and the rewards available to those who join us in our mission to create a 
positive impact on the world.

## About the first campaign

The first campaign is focused on providing financial assistance to pastoralists in Kenya, a region that faces regular droughts caused by climate change and extreme weather events, 
resulting in reduced agricultural production, destroyed crops and extreme livestock losses.

The goal of the campaign is to raise $15’000 to provide 100 pastoralists with financial support 
of up to $150 per pastoralist, equivalent to the value of one livestock, in the event of a drought. 
The area of focus is illustrated below.


 <img src="/Images/posts/pilot_campaign_map.png" />


**The DIVA Protocol founding team is leading the way by seeding the campaign with $5’000 and will 
match any donation of at least $150, up to a total of $5’000.**

The initiation of the conditional donation product can be verified on the [blockchain](https://polygonscan.com/tx/0x4364d0f2d0bac0d8dba38c5e95a0c472ffaa7c0395718faec4627f9120cb7ecb).


## What is the trigger metric?

The [Normalized Difference Vegetation Index](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_difference_vegetation_index) (NDVI) is a commonly used metric to assess drought 
conditions in an area by measuring vegetation density and health. It is calculated from 
satellite images based on the near-infrared and red light reflectance of an area. Its 
value ranges from -1 to 1, with higher values indicating healthier vegetation and lower 
values indicating drought stress.

For this campaign, the average NDVI observed between 1st March and 31th May 2023 will be 
used as the trigger metric and reported by the Shamba oracle on 11th June to ensure full data coverage of the 
observation period. The NDVI will be shifted by 1 for technical reasons.

Donations will become available when the chosen metric falls below a value of 1.23 and the 
percentage of unlocked funds will increase linearly until it reaches 100% when the value 
drops to 1.20 or lower. This range represents the 20th to 40th percentile, respectively, 
based on historical data, and is much more generous than other comparable insurance products that use a 
binary trigger point set at the 5th percentile.

The donation profile of the first campaign is illustrated below:


 <img src="/Images/posts/Donationprofile.png" />


## Who will receive the donation?

While our ultimate goal is to enable beneficiaries like pastoralists to directly receive 
their tokenized contingent claims and any unlocked donations through their mobile wallets without 
relying on intermediaries, we recognize that we are still early and many are not yet familiar
 with managing blockchain assets. 

Therefore, Fortune Connect will serve as the local intermediary and recipient of donations
on behalf of the pastoralists. Any unlocked donations will be converted from USDT stablecoin
into the local fiat currency, Kenyan Shillings, and distributed to eligible pastoralists 
through the local mPesa mobile payment system without them needing to do anything.

## How to participate?

Participating in the campaign is simple if you have a browser wallet with USDT on Polygon. 
Just visit the [pilot campaign page](https://divadonate.xyz/campaign), enter the amount you wish to donate, press the "Donate" 
button, and confirm the transaction in your browser wallet. Note that you may be asked to 
"Approve" the transfer first in order to grant DIVA Protocol the permission to move the 
donation asset on your behalf. For a step-by-step guide, you can also check out our
[video tutorial 📹](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEqURXve5CE&t=4s).

For those new to crypto, there is a one-time setup process to go through to [set up a wallet ](https://wiki.polygon.technology/docs/develop/metamask/hello/)
and [convert](https://www.coinbase.com/) your local currency into crypto assets. Refer to our [FAQs](https://divadonate.xyz/faq) for more guidance. 
If you need support, head over to the diva-donate channel in our [Discord](https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3) and ask your questions.

**Donations will be accepted until 13th April or until the $15’000 goal is met.**

## What’s in for you?

As a donor, you will receive a unique digital certificate in the form of an NFT to commemorate 
your contribution and showcase your social responsibility to others. The POAP will come in two 
different designs: one with a golden ring for those who donate $150 or more and one with a 
silver ring for those who donate less.


 <img src="/Images/posts/POAP_ConditionalDonation1_Gold.png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>
 <img src="/Images/posts/POAP_ConditionalDonation1_Silver.png" style={{ width: '45%', height: 'auto', display: 'inline-block', padding: '20px' }}/>


Note that POAPs will be distributed **after** the campaign is closed for donations, that is as soon as the fundraising goal of $15'000 is reached or latest after 13th April.

In addition, donors that donate at least $15 will receive a claim on 3 DIVA Tokens for every $1 donated, which will 
allow them to be among the first to participate in the DIVA governance once the system goes 
live on the Ethereum mainnet in April.

Learn more about the role of the DIVA Token [here](https://www.divaprotocol.io/posts/diva-tokenomics).

## Join us
Join the DIVA Donate movement to make a positive impact on the world. If you have ideas for 
campaigns or can contribute meaningfully to fundraising or development, reach out to the [team](mailto:wladimir.weinbender@divadonate.xyz).

## About DIVA Technologies AG

DIVA Technologies AG is a Swiss based software consulting firm that consults traditional businesses as 
well as DAOs in Web3 related topics. The company was founded in 2022 by Wladimir Weinbender, 
Co-Founder of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract-based operating system for derivative products.

## About Fortune Connect

Fortune Connect is a digital financial inclusion hub enabling farmers to access market information, technical knowledge, financial literacy, and financial 
access tools for credit and insurance in Kenya. Fortune Connect Innovation was started in 2021 and incubated by Fortune Credit before rolling out to several 
places in rural Kenya.

## About Shamba Network

Shamba Network powers an oracle that enables the collection, analytics and use of ecological data on-chain. It provides the web3 ecosystem with 
infrastructure that allows insight into the physical world, enabling things like ecological impact to be monitored. Through the Shamba oracle, 
smart contracts can get updated on what is happening on the ground and use this data to trigger a wide variety of actions. 

## Risk disclaimer

The use of any smart contract-based system comes with the risk of unexpected bugs that may result in the loss of funds. 
To mitigate that risk for this pilot campaign, a permissioned and upgradeable version of the DIVA smart contract is being used until
the audit of the contracts is completed.

Launching DIVA Donate - A conditional donation platform powered by blockchain technology

Back in [July](https://www.divaprotocol.io/posts/diva-how-diva-protocol-can-help-unlock-affordable-insurance-for-farmers), we shared an idea of how DIVA Protocol can be used to 
create event-driven conditional donation products that financially assist farmers in adverse moments such as crop or livestock loss caused by natural disasters such as drought and floods. 

Today, we are thrilled to announce that we partnered up with Fortune Connect, a financial inclusion hub for farmers in Kenya, 
and Shamba Network, a web3 project providing ecological data to smart contracts, to launch a conditional donation pilot campaign powered by DIVA Protocol. 

Before we dive into the campaign details, let’s briefly revisit what conditional donations are, how they compare to direct donations and how smart 
contract technology, and DIVA Protocol in particular, can help to implement them in a transparent and cost effective way.

## What are conditional donations?

Conditional donations differ from direct donations in that they come with certain conditions attached. These conditions specify under which 
circumstances funds will be released to the recipient. For example, a donation may be conditioned on the rain amount over a certain period of 
time in a given area. If it falls below a predefined level that is associated with drought, the donation will be triggered to financially 
support the people affected. If it stays above that level, no donation will be triggered.

## What are the benefits compared to direct donations?

Conditional donations can provide a number of benefits compared to direct donations:
* **Greater control:** Because the terms of the donation are specified upfront, donors can ensure that their funds are used in a way that 
aligns with their values and priorities. This can be particularly useful for donors who want to support specific causes or who have specific 
goals in mind for their donation.
* **Based on need:** Conditional donations are only released if recipient’s are in actual need. This can help to ensure that the funds are 
used in the most effective way possible and can help to maximize the positive impact of the donation.
* **Greater impact:** Unused funds can be redeployed into new conditional donation campaigns, thereby maximizing the impact and reach of the donation. 
* **Verifiable:** The underlying trigger events are publicly verifiable and the release of the donation is detached from any potential external bias.

## What are the benefits of using smart contract technology to implement conditional donations?

Blockchain-based smart contract technology can provide a number of benefits for implementing conditional donations: 
* **Transparency:** Donation flows are transparent and auditable on the blockchain.
* **Trustless:** Funds are being held in a programmatic escrow rather than by a central party eliminating the risk of misuse and fraud.
* **Efficient:** Programmatically enforced rules remove the need for manual processes which allows a quicker release of funds.
* **Frictionless:** Money can come from across the globe to assist farmers.

## Why DIVA Protocol?

DIVA Protocol is a smart contract that acts as an operating system for derivative applications. More precisely, it allows its users to create 
and settle derivative products in a permissionless and trustless way. As conditional donations derive their payout based on the outcome of an 
underlying event, they are considered derivative products and can be implemented using DIVA Protocol.

## How it works?

The process of a conditional donation is illustrated below:


 <img src="/Images/posts/diva-donate-how-it-works.png" />



The DIVA smart contract manages the full conditional donation cycle in a trustless and predictable manner. In particular, it allows donors to 
deposit funds (e.g., in the form of stablecoins such as USDT or other digital assets) and issue tokenized contingent claims to beneficiaries (1), 
data providers to report event outcomes (2) and beneficiaries to claim their share in the donation after the outcome has been reported and the 
payout has been determined by the DIVA smart contract (3). Any unused funds can be claimed by the donor and redeployed into a new conditional donation campaign (4).

## About the campaign

The goal of the pilot campaign is to provide farmers that are located in the Horn of Africa region financial support in case of a drought. 

The region, which is stretching from southern Ethiopia to northern Kenya and Somalia, is experiencing regular droughts caused by climate change 
and extreme weather events which results in curtailed agricultural production, destroyed crops and extreme livestock losses. Massive livestock deaths 
disrupt the flow of income and food sources for the local farmers (so-called “pastoralists”) and their families.

The goal of the campaign is to raise $15’000 to provide 100 pastoralists ($150 each) with financial support in case of a drought. The support 
is equivalent to the value of one livestock per pastoralist.

## What is the trigger metric?

The average [NDVI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalized_difference_vegetation_index), or Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, observed in the period 
1 Feb - 30 April 2023 (dates subject to change) will serve as the trigger metric. 
The NDVI measures the density and health of vegetation in a given region and is often used as an indicator for drought. It is calculated by taking the difference 
between the near-infrared and red light reflectance of an area, and then dividing by the sum of the two. Higher NDVI values indicate a greater density of healthy 
vegetation, while lower values indicate that the plants in an area are experiencing drought stress.

The NDVI data can be collected by satellite imagery, aerial photography, and ground-based sensors. For the pilot program, Shamba Network, a web3 project focused 
on the provision of ecological data to smart contracts, will sponsor the outcome reporting. Shamba Network taps into remote sensing data from satellites operated by 
NASA, ESA and other space agencies to provide an updated picture of environmental conditions across the globe. 

## What are the donation scenarios?
The donation release profile is described by the chart below. Note that the chosen NDVI values are for presentation purposes only and may change for the actual product.


 <img src="/Images/posts/diva-donate-payoff-profile.png" />


The given payoff profile results in the following donation scenarios:
- **$15’000** - if NDVI is smaller than or equal to 0.50
- **$12’000** - if NDVI is 0.55
- **$7’500** - if NDVI is 0.625
- **$0** - if NDVI is larger than or equal to 0.75

The donations can be claimed from the DIVA smart contract after the NDVI has been reported. Any unused funds can be re-claimed by the donor and re-deployed into new campaigns.

## DIVA Donate
The campaign will be released on DIVA Donate, a platform that is being developed by DIVA Technologies AG, to offer donors and donation recipients a seamless experience. 
Some sneak peeks of the website are provided below.


 <img src="/Images/posts/diva-donate-1.png" />



 <img src="/Images/posts/diva-donate-2.png" />


## Get in touch
If you want to donate, are interested in launching your own conditional donation campaign or discuss other derivative use cases (e.g. using CO2 emissions or air 
quality as underlying metrics), please get in touch.

## About DIVA Technologies AG

DIVA Technologies AG is a Swiss based software consulting firm that consults traditional businesses as well as DAOs in Web3 development. The company was founded 
in 2022 by Wladimir Weinbender, Co-Founder of DIVA Protocol, a smart contract that acts as an operating system for a wide range of derivative applications 
including insurance, predictions, structured products, credit default swaps, etc.

## About Fortune Connect

Fortune Connect is a digital financial inclusion hub enabling farmers to access market information, technical knowledge, financial literacy, and financial 
access tools for credit and insurance in Kenya. Fortune Connect Innovation was started in 2021 and incubated by Fortune Credit before rolling out to several 
places in rural Kenya.

## About Shamba Network

Shamba Network powers an oracle that enables the collection, analytics and use of ecological data on-chain. It provides the web3 ecosystem with 
infrastructure that allows insight into the physical world, enabling things like ecological impact to be monitored. Through the Shamba oracle, 
smart contracts can get updated on what is happening on the ground and use this data to trigger a wide variety of actions.

Event-driven conditional donations - A pilot program by DIVA Technologies AG, Fortune Connect and Shamba Network

Countless farmers in developing countries cannot afford irrigation systems for farming and rely on climatic conditions to produce food. Taking Africa as an example, United Nations Environment Programme's (UNEP) [statistics](https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/special-edition-agriculture-2014/despite-climate-change-africa-can-feed-africa) indicate that 95 percent of African food farming is rain-fed.

Accordingly, weather-related hazards frustrate agricultural productivity payoffs, particularly in the face of climate change. When the rains fail to come, it is a financial disaster for many households, especially in the rural communities.

These factors constantly threaten food security and human well-being in the region. In 2021, [droughts](https://oneacrefund.org/blog/crop-insurance-can-improve-food-security-africa/) slashed into harvests across countries like Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Zambia—and thousands of hard-working farmers bumbled to make ends meet.

## Agrarian insurance

Agrarian insurance would have been the logical solution to the farmers' hardships. However, traditional insurance services, if accessible at all, are generally costly, with high premiums and sluggish payouts, resulting in low agricultural insurance penetration among smallholder growers. In Africa, for example, [agrarian insurance](https://newafricanmagazine.com/26039/) is less than five percent. 

Fortunately, thanks to the evolution of the blockchain technology, those problems could soon be a thing of the past. Developers around the globe are building open, permissionless and trustless applications to provide access to crucial financial infrastructure for everyone in the world. One of such utilities is the DIVA Protocol.


## DIVA Protocol changes the narratives

[DIVA Protocol](https://docs.divaprotocol.io/introduction/what-is-diva-protocol) is a smart contract that lives on the blockchain and is programmed with logic to create and settle derivative products, insurance in particular. DIVA's flexibility to use virtually any metric as the underlying and link a wide range of payoff profiles to its outcome is unique and opens up unlimited possibilities to create insurance products that will benefit the world. 

Let’s take a look at how DIVA Protocol can be utilized to create an insurance product for farmers growing maize, one of the major crops in Nigeria. [Maize’s minimum water need](https://www.fao.org/3/s2022e/s2022e02.htm) over the total growing period is estimated at 500mm. Choosing the rain amount during the total growing period as the underlying metric and attaching a payoff profile that will benefit the farmer if the actual rain amount ends up below 500mm will neutralize any loss incurred by the farmer due to a lack of rain. 

The maximum cover is deposited upfront by the product creator at the time of creation and securely held by the DIVA smart contract until the actual rain amount is reported by an oracle following product expiration using a verifiable public data source. In particular, DIVA Protocol allows the creator to specify the rain amount at which the maximum cover will kick in, thereby defining the shape of the payoff curve. The customization of the payoff profile allows to design products that are tailored to the underlying insurance event and the specific needs of the farmers.

An example of a maize farmer's insurance product payoff is illustrated in the following chart, using a linearly increasing payoff starting at 500mm with a maximum payoff of USDC 1'000 at 200mm:
 

 <img src="/Images/posts/harvest_insurance_short.png" />


Similarly, any other publicly verifiable event that can cause harvest losses or lower yield such as flooding, wildfire, or locusts invasions can be used as the underlying metric. 

DIVA Protocol delivers a highly flexible tool to create robust hedge instruments against the adverse events that farmers face. With the transparency of the blockchain, its non-custodial nature, and the absence of third parties, farmers would have a far better insurance scheme than the traditional insurance market. Farmers can be certain to get paid without any delays whenever an insurance event occurs.

To make described agrarian insurance products affordable to farmers, non-profit entities can play a key role in creating those products using DIVA Protocol and providing the cover at subsidized rates.

## Development Agencies And Charities 

Various development agencies and charities are working with farmers in need to improve their lots. DIVA Protocol offers a tool that these agencies and organizations can utilize to create sustainable farmer benefits without ever touching banking infrastructure.

Instead of offering unconditional donations, charity organizations could use the contributions to offer insurance cover - a form of conditional donation - for farmers at subsidized rates. If an insurance event occurs, farmers will receive the benefit. If no insurance event occurs, the collected premium is reinvested into more insurance cover for farmers. 

The key benefits of a conditional donation scheme compared to a traditional one-off donation include:
- Donation is provided when it’s most needed by the farmers
- In the absence of an insurance event, the same capital can be reused numerous times and even grow over time thanks to the re-investment of the premia, reaching more needy farmers

Such products act as a springboard for farmers to adjust to weather-related shocks and fight food insecurity and poverty.

With DIVA Protocol being an open-source infrastructure, the creation of these products is not limited to charity organizations. Anyone can act as the counterparty and offer subsidized insurance products to farmers to help them focus on what they do best - tendering crops.


## Join DIVA Protocol

DIVA Protocol is open to collaboration with international development agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations, and other charity institutions to work with farmers to ease their plight. Our platform offers the most innovative way to create a better situation for rural communities and those who eke out a living.

We can work together to create countless products covering various weather events that go against the farmer and livelihoods. These are strategies highly sustainable, empowering, and beneficial for society.

Let's come together to deliver technology-backed solutions with a humane approach with the chance of replication. The blockchain has a lot to offer humanity, and the DIVA Protocol is dedicated to playing our part in this evolution.

If you are interested in what DIVA is building, here are the main links to get involved at no cost:

- 📚 Docs: https://docs.divaprotocol.io/
- 🍏 DIVA Testnet App: https://app.diva.finance/

Join Our community to be abreast with our ecosystem:

- Website: https://www.divaprotocol.io/
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/divaprotocol_io 
- Discord: https://discord.gg/8fAvUspmv3

DIVA Protocol empowers everyone to add a positive lasting impact on the world by creating conditional donation products

Featured Blog Post

Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The 6th DIVA Donate campaign

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Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The 6th DIVA Donate campaign

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Empowering pastoralists in Kenya - The 5th DIVA Donate campaign

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Successful completion of the 4th DIVA Donate campaign

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DIVA Donate - 3rd campaign completes

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DIVA Donate - The first successful campaign completed

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Event-driven conditional donations - A pilot program by DIVA Technologies AG, Fortune Connect and Shamba Network

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How DIVA Protocol can help unlock affordable insurance for farmers

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